Agra

City · c. 1529 CE · in South Asia

Capital of Mughal Empire (1529–1540).

Serang (c. 1529 CE): Capital of Sultanate of Banten (1529–1808).
Lahore (c. 1529 CE): Capital of Mughal Empire (1529–1857), Sikh Empire (1799–1848).
Johor Bahru (c. 1529 CE): Capital of Sultanate of Johor (1529–1884).
Bintan Island (c. 1529 CE): Capital of Sultanate of Johor (1529–1884).
Banten (c. 1529 CE): Capital of Sultanate of Banten (1529–1808).
Nowshera (c. 1529 CE): Capital of Kashmiri Sultanate (1529–1530).
Jakarta (1527 CE): Capital of Republic of Indonesia (1946–today).
Banjarmasin (1526 CE): Capital of Sultanate of Banjar (1526–1859).
San Salvador (1525 CE): Capital of United Provinces of Central America (1834–1838), Republic of El Salvador (1841–today).
Guatemala City (1524 CE): Capital of United Provinces of Central America (1824–1834), Guatemala (1840–today).

Around the same time and place

Sikhism founded (c. 1499 CE): Monotheistic religion that emerged in the Punjab around the end of the 15th century from the teachings of Guru Nanak.
Mughal Empire founded (1526–1857 CE): Empire founded by Babur that at its height ruled most of the Indian subcontinent, famed for its wealth, administration and architecture.
Delhi Sultanate (1206–1526 CE): Series of Muslim dynasties ruling from Delhi, beginning with Qutb ud-Din Aibak in 1206 and ending with the Lodi defeat at Panipat in 1526.
Vijayanagara Empire (1336–1646 CE): South Indian empire founded by Harihara I and Bukka Raya I in 1336, a major patron of Hindu culture and temple architecture.
Guru Nanak (1469 CE – 1539 CE): Founder of Sikhism and the first of the ten Sikh Gurus, born at Talwandi, now Nankana Sahib in Pakistan.
Babur (1483 CE – 1530 CE): Timurid prince from the Fergana Valley who took Kabul in 1504 and founded the Mughal Empire after victory at Panipat in 1526.
First Battle of Panipat (1526 CE): Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last Delhi sultan, using field artillery and cavalry tactics.
Akbar (1542 CE – 1605 CE): Third Mughal emperor, who expanded the empire across northern India and pursued religious tolerance and administrative reform.