Baku

City · c. 1992 CE · in Europe

Capital of Republic of Azerbaijan (1992–today).

Ljubljana (c. 1992 CE): Capital of Republic of Slovenia (1992–today).
Koror (c. 1996 CE): Capital of Palau (1996–2006).
North Nicosia (c. 1983 CE): Capital of Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (1983–today).
Yamoussoukro (c. 1983 CE): Capital of Republic of Côte d'Ivoire (1983–today).
Roseau (c. 1979 CE): Capital of Commonwealth of Dominica (1979–today).
Honiara (c. 1979 CE): Capital of Solomon Islands (1979–today).
Naypyidaw (2005 CE): Capital of Union of Myanmar (2005–today).
Podgorica (c. 2006 CE): Capital of Montenegro (2006–today).
Ngerulmud (2006 CE): Capital of Palau (2006–today).
Port of Spain (c. 1976 CE): Capital of Republic of Trinidad and Tobago (1976–today).

Around the same time and place

Battle of Stalingrad (1942–1943 CE): From August 1942 to February 1943 the Red Army defended Stalingrad and then encircled the German Sixth Army, which surrendered. It was a turning point of World War II.
Sputnik 1 (1957 CE): The first artificial Earth satellite, launched from Baikonur by the Soviet Union on 4 October 1957, beginning the Space Age.
First human in space (1961 CE): Yuri Gagarin became the first human in space, orbiting the Earth once on 12 April 1961 after launch from Baikonur.
Iranian Revolution (1978–1979 CE): Mass protests overthrew Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, and Ruhollah Khomeini returned from exile to found the Islamic Republic of Iran.
Shrinking of the Aral Sea (c. 1960 CE): Soviet irrigation projects diverted the Amu Darya and Syr Darya, causing the Aral Sea to shrink dramatically from the 1960s.
1973 oil crisis (1973–1974 CE): Arab oil producers embargoed countries that supported Israel in the Yom Kippur War and cut output, quadrupling oil prices and causing economic shocks worldwide.
Iran–Iraq War (1980–1988 CE): Iraq under Saddam Hussein invaded Iran, starting an eight-year war of attrition that killed hundreds of thousands and ended in stalemate.
Gulf War (1990–1991 CE): Iraq invaded and annexed Kuwait; a US-led coalition authorized by the United Nations expelled Iraqi forces in early 1991.