Dzungar Khanate

State · 1609–1756 CE · at its largest around 1687 CE

The last great nomadic power of Inner Asia, Oirat Mongols devoted to Tibetan Buddhism who meddled in Lhasa's politics and traded with Russia. They farmed, cast cannon with captured craftsmen, and were wiped out by Qing campaigns and smallpox in the 1750s.

On its lands while it lasted

• Kazakh Khanate (c. 1465–1847 CE): State founded by the sultans Kerei and Janibek in the Chu valley around 1465, the forerunner of the Kazakh nation.
• Yining (c. 1634 CE): Capital of Dzungar Khanate (1634–1756).
• Ulaanbaatar (1639 CE): Capital of Mongolian People's Republic (1926–1991), Mongolia (1992–today).
• Dzungar–Qing Wars (1687–1757 CE): Wars between the Qing and the Dzungar Khanate ending with the Dzungars' destruction and Qing control of Xinjiang.

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