Early Dynastic Period of Egypt

State · 3,000–2,501 BCE · at its largest around 3,000 BCE

Egypt's first two dynasties after the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, ruled from Memphis and remembered for the first royal tombs at Abydos and Saqqara.

On its lands while it lasted

Naqada culture (c. 4,000–3,000 BCE): Predynastic culture of Upper Egypt whose chiefdoms grew into the kingdom that unified Egypt around 3100 BCE.
Thebes (3,200–801 BCE): Capital of Middle Kingdom of Egypt (2000 BCE–1782 BCE), New Kingdom of Egypt (1500 BCE–801 BCE).
Step Pyramid of Djoser (c. 2,670 BCE): Designed by the architect Imhotep for the Third Dynasty king Djoser, it is the earliest large stone pyramid in Egypt.
Great Pyramid of Giza (c. 2,560 BCE): Built for the Fourth Dynasty pharaoh Khufu, it was the tallest human-made structure for about 3,800 years and is the only Wonder of the Ancient World still standing.