First Mexican Empire

State · 1822–1823 CE · at its largest around 1822 CE

Independent Mexico began as a monarchy, with the former royalist officer Agustín de Iturbide crowned emperor amid lavish ceremony. Within a year, an empty treasury and Santa Anna's revolt toppled him, and Mexico became a republic.

On its lands while it lasted

• Benito Juárez (1806 CE – 1872 CE): Zapotec lawyer from Oaxaca who became President of Mexico, led liberal reforms and resisted the French intervention.
• Abraham Lincoln (1809 CE – 1865 CE): 16th President of the United States, who led the Union through the Civil War, issued the Emancipation Proclamation and was assassinated in 1865.

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