German Confederation

State · 1815–1863 CE · at its largest around 1815 CE

A loose association of German states created by the Congress of Vienna under Austrian presidency, dissolved after the Austro-Prussian War of 1866.

On its lands while it lasted

Königsberg (1255–1945 CE): Capital of Duchy of Prussia (1526–1618), Brandenburg-Prussia (1619–1701).
Free City of Frankfurt (1372–1866 CE): Capital of Confederation of the Rhine (1809–1813), German Confederation (1815–1863).
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749 CE – 1832 CE): German poet, playwright, novelist and scientist who lived in Weimar from 1775. Author of Faust and The Sorrows of Young Werther.
Frédéric Chopin (1810 CE – 1849 CE): Polish composer and pianist who grew up in Warsaw and settled in Paris in 1831. His piano works are central to Romantic music.
Otto von Bismarck (1815 CE – 1898 CE): Prussian statesman who unified Germany through three wars and served as the first Chancellor of the German Empire from 1871 to 1890.
Wiesbaden (c. 1816 CE): Capital of Duchy of Nassau (1816–1865).
Wanderer above the Sea of Fog (c. 1818 CE): Caspar David Friedrich, working in Dresden, painted this emblem of German Romanticism around 1818.
Meiningen (c. 1820 CE): Capital of Saxe-Meiningen (1820–1870).
Sankt Wendel (c. 1820 CE): Capital of Principality of Lichtenberg (1820–1827).
Electromagnetism (1820 CE): In 1820 Hans Christian Ørsted in Copenhagen observed that an electric current deflects a compass needle, the first evidence linking electricity and magnetism.
Gregor Mendel (1822 CE – 1884 CE): Augustinian friar and later abbot in Brno, Moravia, whose experiments on pea plants revealed the basic rules of heredity. His 1866 paper was largely ignored until its rediscovery in 1900.
Coburg (c. 1836 CE): Capital of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1836–1839).
Gotha (c. 1836 CE): Capital of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1836–1839).
Max Planck (1858 CE – 1947 CE): German theoretical physicist in Berlin whose 1900 hypothesis that energy is emitted in discrete quanta founded quantum theory. He won the 1918 Nobel Prize in Physics.
Dessau (c. 1863–2007 CE): Capital of Duchy of Anhalt (1863–1870).