Great Yuan

State · 110 BCE – 50 CE · at its largest around 50 BCE

Dayuan ('Great Yuan'), Chinese name for the people of the Ferghana Valley, famed for their 'heavenly horses' and besieged by Han armies sent by Emperor Wu.

On its lands while it lasted

War of the Heavenly Horses (c. 104–101 BCE): Han dynasty campaigns against the kingdom of Dayuan in the Fergana Valley to obtain its prized horses.