Haudenosaunee

State · 1450–1782 CE · at its largest around 1683 CE

The Iroquois Confederacy, a league of five (later six) nations in what is now upstate New York, governed by a council of chiefs and a major power in north-eastern North America during the colonial era.

On its lands while it lasted

Haudenosaunee Confederacy formed (c. 1450 CE): Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga and Seneca nations united under the Great Law of Peace, with a council at Onondaga; the founding date is debated.
Henry Hudson’s voyage on the Half Moon (1609 CE): Sailing for the Dutch East India Company, Hudson turned back from the Arctic off Norway and crossed to North America, where he explored the coast and sailed up the river later named after him as far as present-day Albany.
New York City (1624 CE): Founded as the Dutch trading post New Amsterdam on Manhattan, renamed New York after the English took it in 1664; became the largest city in the United States.
Fort Christina (1638 CE): Capital of New Sweden (1640–1655).
Philadelphia (1682 CE): Founded by the Quaker William Penn as the capital of Pennsylvania; the largest city of the American colonies by the Revolution.
Benjamin Franklin (1706 CE – 1790 CE): Printer, scientist, inventor and diplomat of Philadelphia; a Founding Father who helped draft the Declaration of Independence and secured the French alliance.
George Washington (1732 CE – 1799 CE): Commander of the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War and first President of the United States (1789–1797).
Thomas Jefferson (1743 CE – 1826 CE): Principal author of the Declaration of Independence and third US President, who made the Louisiana Purchase.
French and Indian War (1754–1763 CE): North American theatre of the Seven Years' War, in which Britain defeated France and gained Canada and lands east of the Mississippi.
Tecumseh (c. 1768 CE – 1813 CE): Shawnee leader who built a pan-tribal confederacy against US expansion and allied with Britain in the War of 1812; killed at the Battle of the Thames.
American Revolutionary War (1775–1783 CE): War in which thirteen British colonies, aided by France, won independence and formed the United States of America.
US Declaration of Independence (1776 CE): Adopted by the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia on 4 July 1776, it declared the thirteen colonies independent and asserted natural rights.