Hausa Kingdoms

State · 1000–1804 CE · at its largest around 1000 CE

Independent city-states of northern Nigeria, including Kano, Katsina, Zazzau, Gobir, Daura, Rano and Biram, prospering from trans-Saharan trade until the Fulani jihad of 1804.

On its lands while it lasted

• Usman dan Fodio (1754 CE – 1817 CE): Fulani Islamic scholar and reformer who led a jihad against the Hausa kingdoms from 1804 and founded the Sokoto Caliphate.
• Sokoto Caliphate (1804–1903 CE): Islamic state founded after Usman dan Fodio's jihad against the Hausa kingdoms, one of the largest states in 19th-century Africa until British conquest in 1903.

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