Hittites

State · 1,600–1,151 BCE · at its largest around 1,300 BCE

Anatolian people whose kingdom, ruled from Hattusa, became one of the great powers of the Late Bronze Age before collapsing around 1200 BCE.

Its battles, in Battle View

• Battle of Kadesh (1,274 BCE)

On its lands while it lasted

• Carchemish (1,901–901 BCE): Capital of Assyria (1800 BCE–901 BCE).
• Hattusa (c. 1,650–1,180 BCE): Capital of the Hittite kingdom in central Anatolia; its tablet archives include texts in Hittite, the earliest attested Indo-European language.
• Battle of Kadesh (1,274 BCE): Ramesses II fought the Hittite army of Muwatalli II near Kadesh on the Orontes, possibly the largest chariot battle ever fought; it ended without a decisive result.
• Egyptian–Hittite peace treaty (c. 1,259 BCE): Ramesses II and Hattusili III concluded one of the earliest known peace treaties, with versions preserved in Egyptian hieroglyphs and Akkadian cuneiform.
• Late Bronze Age collapse (c. 1,200 BCE): Around 1200 BCE many Eastern Mediterranean states, including the Hittite Empire and Ugarit, collapsed amid attacks by the Sea Peoples, drought and systemic breakdown.

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