Joseon

State · 1395–1897 CE · at its largest around 1516 CE

The last Korean dynasty, founded by Yi Seong-gye in 1392 with its capital at Hanyang (Seoul). It promoted Neo-Confucianism, and under King Sejong the Korean alphabet Hangul was created.

On its lands while it lasted

Joseon (1392–1897 CE): Dynasty founded by Yi Seong-gye with its capital at Hanseong (Seoul); it ruled Korea for five centuries.
Sejong the Great (1397 CE – 1450 CE): Joseon king who promoted science and scholarship and created the Korean alphabet.
Hangul (1443 CE): King Sejong created the Korean alphabet, promulgated in 1446 as Hunminjeongeum.
Yi Sun-sin (1545 CE – 1598 CE): Joseon admiral who repeatedly defeated Japanese fleets during the Imjin War.
Imjin War (1592–1598 CE): Toyotomi Hideyoshi's two invasions of Korea, repulsed by Korean and Ming forces.
Battle of Hansan Island (1592 CE): Yi Sun-sin destroyed a Japanese fleet using a crane-wing formation.
Turtle ship (1592 CE): Armoured Korean warships used by Yi Sun-sin against the Japanese navy.