Judea

State · 144 BCE – 5 CE · at its largest around 77 BCE

Jewish state in the southern Levant, independent under the Hasmonean dynasty after the Maccabean revolt and later a Roman client kingdom under Herod.

On its lands while it lasted

• Herod the Great (c. 72 BCE – 4 BCE): Roman client king of Judea who carried out vast building projects, including the rebuilding of the Temple in Jerusalem, Masada and Caesarea Maritima.
• Jesus (c. 4 BCE – 30 CE): A Jewish preacher from Galilee whose teachings and crucifixion in Jerusalem under Pontius Pilate became the foundation of Christianity.

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