Kingdom of Hawaï'i

State · 1791–1894 CE · at its largest around 1811 CE

The kingdom unified by Kamehameha I across the Hawaiian Islands, which modernised under his successors until US-backed businessmen overthrew the monarchy in 1893.

On its lands while it lasted

Kamehameha I (c. 1758 CE – 1819 CE): Hawaiian chief who unified the Hawaiian Islands into a single kingdom by 1810, founding the Kingdom of Hawaii.
Battle of Nuuanu (1795 CE): Kamehameha I defeated the forces of Oahu in 1795, driving many over the Nuuanu Pali cliffs, a decisive step in unifying Hawaii.
Hilo (c. 1796 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Hawaï'i (1796–1802).
Lahaina (c. 1802 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Hawaï'i (1802–1845).
Kailua-Kona (c. 1812 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Hawaï'i (1812–1820).
Liliuokalani (1838 CE – 1917 CE): Last monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii, overthrown in 1893; also a composer, known for the song 'Aloha Oe'.
Honolulu (c. 1845 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Hawaï'i (1845–1893), Republic of Hawai'i (1895–1897).
Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom (1893 CE): American-backed businessmen deposed Queen Liliuokalani on 17 January 1893 with support from US Marines; the United States annexed Hawaii in 1898.