Kingdom of Hungary

State · 1000–1546 CE · at its largest around 1487 CE

Central European kingdom founded with Stephen I's coronation around 1000 and ruled by the Árpád dynasty and its successors until the Ottoman victory at Mohács in 1526 split the realm.

On its lands while it lasted

Stephen I of Hungary (c. 975 CE – 1038 CE): First king of Hungary, crowned in 1000 or 1001, who converted his people to Christianity; venerated as Saint Stephen.
Wroclaw (1000 CE): Capital of Duchy of Silesia (1139–1304), Duchy of Wroclaw (1169–1201).
Olomouc (1017 CE): Capital of Margraviate of Moravia (1385–1414).
Volodymyr (c. 1056 CE): Capital of Principality of Volhynia (1056–1201), Halych-Volhynia occupation (1199–1240), Principality of Galicia-Volhynia (1202–1240), and 1 more.
Zagreb (1094 CE): Capital of Independent State of Croatia (1941–1944), Republic of Croatia (1992–today).
Sandomierz (c. 1139 CE): Capital of Duchy of Sandomierz (1139–1304).
Opole (c. 1177 CE): Capital of Duchy of Opole (1177–1304).
Sibiu (1191 CE): Capital of Principality of Transylvania (1692–1695).
Chelm (c. 1199 CE): Capital of Halych-Volhynia occupation (1199–1240), Principality of Galicia-Volhynia (1202–1240), Galicia-Volhynia (1294–1349).
Lviv (c. 1199 CE): Capital of Halych-Volhynia occupation (1199–1240), Principality of Galicia-Volhynia (1202–1240), Galicia-Volhynia (1294–1349).
Bytom (1200 CE): Capital of Duchy of Bytom (1285–1304).
Dresden (1206 CE): Capital of Electorate of Saxony (1547–1805), Kingdom of Saxony (1806–1808).
Kalisz (c. 1210 CE): Capital of Duchy of Kalisz (1210–1219).
Kosice (1230 CE): Capital of Principality of Upper Hungary (1683–1685).
Mongol invasion of Rus’ and Europe (1236–1242 CE): Mongol armies under Batu and Subutai conquered Volga Bulgaria and the Rus’ principalities, destroyed Kiev in 1240, and in 1241 won at Legnica and Mohi, before withdrawing from Central Europe in 1242.