Kingdom of Northumbria

State · 612–935 CE · at its largest around 656 CE

An Anglian kingdom formed by uniting Bernicia and Deira. Home to Bede and Lindisfarne, it was a centre of learning before Viking conquest of York in 866.

On its lands while it lasted

Staffordshire Hoard (c. 650 CE): The largest hoard of Anglo-Saxon gold and silver metalwork ever found, with more than 3,500 pieces, mostly fittings from weapons. Buried in the 7th century in Mercia, it was found near Hammerwich in 2009.
Bede (c. 673 CE – 735 CE): English monk at Jarrow whose Ecclesiastical History of the English People earned him the title father of English history.
Lindisfarne Gospels (c. 715 CE): Illuminated Gospel book made at the monastery of Lindisfarne, traditionally attributed to Bishop Eadfrith; a masterpiece of Insular art. It is kept in the British Library in London.
Viking raid on Lindisfarne (793 CE): Viking raid on the monastery of Lindisfarne in Northumbria, conventionally taken as the beginning of the Viking Age.
Great Heathen Army (865–878 CE): A large coalition of Scandinavian warriors landed in East Anglia in 865, took York, and conquered Northumbria, East Anglia and much of Mercia before Alfred the Great defeated Guthrum at Edington in 878.