Kingdom of Norway

State · 1814–2026 CE · at its largest around 1932 CE

Norway, which adopted its Eidsvoll constitution in 1814 and was then joined in a personal union with Sweden that lasted until 1905.

On its lands while it lasted

Alexander Pushkin (1799 CE – 1837 CE): Russian poet, playwright and novelist, author of Eugene Onegin, regarded as the founder of modern Russian literature. He died after a duel in Saint Petersburg.
Fyodor Dostoevsky (1821 CE – 1881 CE): Russian novelist whose works, including Crime and Punishment (1866) and The Brothers Karamazov (1880), explore psychology, faith and morality. He spent four years in a Siberian prison camp for his part in a radical circle.
Dmitri Mendeleev (1834 CE – 1907 CE): Russian chemist in St Petersburg who in 1869 published a periodic table of the elements, leaving gaps for undiscovered elements whose properties he correctly predicted.
Emancipation of the Russian serfs (1861 CE): Tsar Alexander II's manifesto of 1861 abolished serfdom throughout the Russian Empire, freeing more than 20 million privately owned serfs.
Periodic table (1869 CE): Dmitri Mendeleev in Saint Petersburg published his periodic table of the chemical elements in 1869, leaving gaps for elements that were later discovered.
Fabergé eggs (1885 CE): Jewelled Easter eggs made by the House of Fabergé in St Petersburg, beginning with the egg Alexander III gave Empress Maria Feodorovna in 1885. Fifty imperial eggs were made for the Russian tsars until 1916.
The Scream (1893 CE): Norwegian artist Edvard Munch created this Expressionist image of an anguished figure under a blood-red sky in Kristiania (Oslo) in 1893.
Malevich, Black Square (1915 CE): Kazimir Malevich hung a plain black square high in the corner of a Petrograd exhibition room, where an icon would hang in a Russian home. It was the founding work of Suprematism and of pure abstraction.
October Revolution (1917 CE): In November 1917 (October in the old calendar) Lenin's Bolsheviks overthrew the Provisional Government in Petrograd, storming the Winter Palace and creating the first communist state.
Russian Revolution (1917–1923 CE): The February Revolution of 1917 in Petrograd ended the rule of the tsars, and the October Revolution brought Lenin’s Bolsheviks to power. After a civil war they founded the Soviet Union in 1922.
Tallinn (c. 1919 CE): Capital of Estonia (1919–1939), Republic of Estonia (1992–today).
Winter War (1939–1940 CE): The Soviet Union invaded Finland in November 1939. Despite fierce Finnish resistance on the Karelian Isthmus, Finland ceded territory in the peace of March 1940.
Siege of Leningrad (1941–1944 CE): German and Finnish forces blockaded Leningrad for 872 days from September 1941 to January 1944. Around a million civilians died, mostly from starvation.
Linux (1991 CE): Finnish student Linus Torvalds released the first version of the Linux kernel at the University of Helsinki in 1991. Linux now runs most of the world's servers and Android phones.
Skype (2003 CE): Written by developers in Tallinn, Estonia, Skype made free voice and video calls over the internet an everyday thing.