Kingdom of Osroene
State · 63 BCE – 214 CE · at its largest around 165 CE
Kingdom in northern Mesopotamia with its capital at Edessa, ruled by the Abgarid dynasty and an early centre of Syriac Christianity.
On its lands while it lasted
- Edessa (302 BCE – 1150 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Osroene (63 BCE–214), County of Edessa (1099–1150).
- Samosata (c. 63 BCE – c. 72 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Commagene (63 BCE–72).
- Battle of Carrhae (53 BCE): A Parthian army of horse archers and armoured cavalry destroyed a Roman army under Marcus Licinius Crassus near Harran, one of Rome's worst defeats.
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