Kingdom of Zimbabwe

State · 1220–1449 CE · at its largest around 1220 CE

Shona kingdom on the Zimbabwe plateau ruled from the stone city of Great Zimbabwe, which controlled the gold trade to the Swahili coast.

On its lands while it lasted

• Great Zimbabwe (c. 1100–1450 CE): Stone-walled capital of a Shona kingdom that controlled gold trade with the Indian Ocean coast; its Great Enclosure is the largest ancient structure south of the Sahara.

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