Kuomintang

State · 1917–1929 CE · at its largest around 1929 CE

From Guangzhou, Sun Yat-sen's Nationalists set out to reunite a China torn apart by warlords, guided by his Three Principles of the People. With Soviet help they built an army, and Chiang Kai-shek's Northern Expedition took power before turning violently on their Communist allies.

On its lands while it lasted

British Hong Kong (1841–1997 CE): Britain occupied Hong Kong Island in 1841 and ruled the colony, later enlarged, until 1997.
British Raj (1858–1947 CE): After the 1857 rebellion the British Crown took direct rule of India from the East India Company, governing until independence in 1947.
Rabindranath Tagore (1861 CE – 1941 CE): Bengali poet, writer and composer, in 1913 the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
Sun Yat-sen (1866 CE – 1925 CE): Revolutionary leader and first provisional president of the Republic of China, honoured as the "Father of the Nation".
Muhammad Iqbal (1877 CE – 1938 CE): Poet and philosopher writing in Urdu and Persian whose 1930 address helped inspire the idea of Pakistan.
Chiang Kai-shek (1887 CE – 1975 CE): Nationalist leader of the Republic of China who led it against Japan and, after 1949, ruled on Taiwan.
French Indochina (1887–1954 CE): Federation of French colonial territories in Vietnam, Cambodia and later Laos, formed in 1887 and dissolved after the First Indochina War.
Jawaharlal Nehru (1889 CE – 1964 CE): Leader in the independence movement and first prime minister of India, serving from 1947 until his death.
Ho Chi Minh (1890 CE – 1969 CE): Vietnamese revolutionary who led the Viet Minh independence movement, declared the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in 1945 and led North Vietnam until his death.
Mao Zedong (1893 CE – 1976 CE): Communist revolutionary who founded the People's Republic of China and led it until his death.
Subhas Chandra Bose (1897 CE – 1945 CE): Nationalist leader who led the Indian National Army against British rule with Axis support during the Second World War.
Deng Xiaoping (1904 CE – 1997 CE): Paramount leader of China from 1978 who launched market reforms and opening to the world.
Jallianwala Bagh massacre (1919 CE): British troops under Reginald Dyer fired on an unarmed crowd in Amritsar, killing hundreds, a turning point in the independence movement.
Chinese Communist Party founded (1921 CE): The Chinese Communist Party held its first national congress in Shanghai.
Chinese Civil War (1927–1949 CE): Intermittent war between the Nationalists and the Communists, ending with Communist control of mainland China.