Mali Federation

State · 1960–2026 CE · at its largest around 1960 CE

A federation of Senegal and the Sudanese Republic (French Sudan) that achieved independence from France in 1960. Senegal withdrew within months, and the remaining territory became the Republic of Mali.

On its lands while it lasted

• Léopold Sédar Senghor (1906 CE – 2001 CE): Poet and co-founder of the Négritude movement who became the first president of Senegal (1960–1980).
• Dakar (c. 1960 CE): Capital of Mali Federation (1960–1960), Republic of Senegal (1961–today).
• Niamey (c. 1961 CE): Capital of Republic of the Niger (1961–today).
• Nouakchott (c. 1961 CE): Capital of Mauritania (1961–today).
• Mali War (2012 CE): Conflict that began in 2012 with a Tuareg rebellion and jihadist takeover of northern Mali, where militants destroyed historic shrines in Timbuktu.

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