Mexicans

State · 1811–1819 CE · at its largest around 1814 CE

Mexican insurgents fighting Spanish colonial rule during the Mexican War of Independence, a movement begun by Miguel Hidalgo's call to revolt in 1810.

On its lands while it lasted

• Manila galleon (eastern Pacific) (1565–1815 CE): The American end of the Manila galleon route: eastbound galleons made landfall off California and coasted south to Acapulco, from where westbound galleons sailed with the trade winds towards Guam and Manila.
• Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla (1753 CE – 1811 CE): Catholic priest who launched the Mexican War of Independence; captured and executed in 1811, he is honoured as the Father of the Nation.
• Benito Juárez (1806 CE – 1872 CE): Zapotec lawyer from Oaxaca who became President of Mexico, led liberal reforms and resisted the French intervention.
• Mexican War of Independence (1810–1821 CE): Armed conflict that ended Spanish rule in New Spain and established an independent Mexico in 1821.

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