Principality of Polotsky

State · 1056–1249 CE · at its largest around 1085 CE

Rus' principality in present-day Belarus centred on Polotsk, ruled by its own line of princes and later absorbed into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

On its lands while it lasted

Navahrudak (1100 CE): Capital of Grand Duchy of Lithuania (1236–1449).
Minsk (c. 1111 CE): Capital of Principality of Minsk (1111–1313), Republic of Belarus (1992–today).
Koknese (c. 1180 CE): Capital of Principality of Koknese (1180–1206).
Vilnius (1201 CE): Capital of Grand Duchy of Lithuania (1323–1449), Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1572–1596), Republic of Lithuania (1990–today).