Qarlugs

State · 793–849 CE · at its largest around 793 CE

The Karluks, a Turkic confederation of Zhetysu and the Tian Shan, whose defection helped the Abbasids defeat the Tang at Talas in 751.

On its lands while it lasted

• Kara-Khanid Khanate (c. 840–1212 CE): Turkic dynasty that ruled Transoxiana and the Tian Shan region and was among the first Turkic states to adopt Islam.

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