Qocho Kingdom

State · 860–1138 CE · at its largest around 1040 CE

A Uyghur kingdom in the Turpan basin with Buddhist and Manichaean communities. It later became a vassal of the Kara Khitai and then of the Mongols.

On its lands while it lasted

• Beiting (c. 860–1138 CE): Capital of Qocho Kingdom (860–1138).
• Diamond Sutra (868 CE): A woodblock-printed copy of the Diamond Sutra found at Dunhuang is dated 868, making it the oldest known dated printed book.

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