Republic of Cabo Verde

State · 1976–2026 CE · at its largest around 1976 CE

An Atlantic archipelago off West Africa that gained independence from Portugal in 1975. It is regarded as one of Africa's most stable democracies.

On its lands while it lasted

Jomo Kenyatta (c. 1897 CE – 1978 CE): Kenyan anti-colonial activist imprisoned by the British, who became Kenya's first prime minister and president after independence in 1963.
Léopold Sédar Senghor (1906 CE – 2001 CE): Poet and co-founder of the Négritude movement who became the first president of Senegal (1960–1980).
Julius Nyerere (1922 CE – 1999 CE): Leader of Tanganyika's independence movement and first president of Tanzania, known for his policy of Ujamaa socialism.
Idi Amin (c. 1925 CE – 2003 CE): Military dictator of Uganda from 1971 to 1979 whose regime killed an estimated 100,000 to 500,000 people and expelled the country's Asian minority in 1972.
Wangari Maathai (1940 CE – 2011 CE): Founder of the Green Belt Movement and the first African woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize (2004).
Angolan Civil War (1975–2002 CE): Long civil war after independence between the MPLA and UNITA, with Cold War intervention by Cuba, South Africa and others.
Yamoussoukro (c. 1983 CE): Capital of Republic of Côte d'Ivoire (1983–today).
1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia (1983–1985 CE): Famine in northern Ethiopia, worsened by drought and civil war, that killed hundreds of thousands and prompted Band Aid and Live Aid.
Sierra Leone Civil War (1991–2002 CE): Civil war in which the Revolutionary United Front, funded partly by diamonds, committed widespread atrocities against civilians.
Rwandan genocide (1994 CE): Mass slaughter of Tutsi and moderate Hutu by Hutu extremist militias and soldiers between April and July 1994, in which an estimated 500,000 to 800,000 people were killed in about 100 days.
Second Congo War (1998–2003 CE): War in the Democratic Republic of the Congo involving nine African countries and many armed groups; millions died, mostly from disease and starvation.
Boko Haram insurgency (2009 CE): Jihadist insurgency centred on northeastern Nigeria and the Lake Chad basin that has killed tens of thousands and displaced millions.
West African Ebola epidemic (2013–2016 CE): Largest Ebola outbreak in history, which began in Guinea in December 2013 and spread to Liberia and Sierra Leone, killing more than 11,000 people.
Yemeni civil war (2014 CE): Houthi forces seized Sanaa in 2014 and a Saudi-led coalition intervened in 2015; the war has caused one of the world's worst humanitarian crises.
Tigray War (2020–2022 CE): Armed conflict between Ethiopia's federal government, allied with Eritrea, and the Tigray People's Liberation Front, which caused mass casualties and famine conditions.