Republic of Colombia

State · 1866–2026 CE · at its largest around 1866 CE

The South American republic named after Christopher Columbus, which adopted a centralist constitution in 1886 and lost Panama in 1903.

On its lands while it lasted

• Panama Canal route (1914 CE): The Panama Canal, opened by the United States in 1914, cut across the isthmus between the Caribbean and the Pacific, shortening the sea voyage from New York to San Francisco by about 13,000 km.
• Gabriel García Márquez (1927 CE – 2014 CE): Colombian novelist, a master of magical realism and author of One Hundred Years of Solitude; Nobel Prize in Literature 1982.
• Armero tragedy (1985 CE): Lahars from the eruption of Nevado del Ruiz buried the Colombian town of Armero, killing over 20,000 people.

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