Republic of Finland

State · 1918–2026 CE · at its largest around 1942 CE

Nordic republic that declared independence from Russia in December 1917, followed by a brief civil war in 1918. It fought the Soviet Union in the Winter War and the Continuation War yet kept its independence.

On its lands while it lasted

Russian Revolution (1917–1923 CE): The February Revolution of 1917 in Petrograd ended the rule of the tsars, and the October Revolution brought Lenin’s Bolsheviks to power. After a civil war they founded the Soviet Union in 1922.
Winter War (1939–1940 CE): The Soviet Union invaded Finland in November 1939. Despite fierce Finnish resistance on the Karelian Isthmus, Finland ceded territory in the peace of March 1940.
Siege of Leningrad (1941–1944 CE): German and Finnish forces blockaded Leningrad for 872 days from September 1941 to January 1944. Around a million civilians died, mostly from starvation.
Linux (1991 CE): Finnish student Linus Torvalds released the first version of the Linux kernel at the University of Helsinki in 1991. Linux now runs most of the world's servers and Android phones.