Republic of Peru

State · 1822–2026 CE · at its largest around 1822 CE

The Andean republic whose independence was proclaimed by José de San Martín in 1821 and secured by Bolívar's forces at the Battle of Ayacucho in 1824.

On its lands while it lasted

Antonio José de Sucre (1795 CE – 1830 CE): Venezuelan general and Bolívar's closest lieutenant, victor at Pichincha and Ayacucho and president of Bolivia (1825–1828).
Battle of Ayacucho (1824 CE): Victory of Sucre's patriot army over the viceroy of Peru, which effectively ended Spanish rule in South America.
Tacna (c. 1836 CE): Capital of Peru-Bolivian Confederation (1836–1839).
Mario Vargas Llosa (1936 CE – 2025 CE): Peruvian novelist and essayist, a leading author of the Latin American Boom; Nobel Prize in Literature 2010.
Chico Mendes (1944 CE – 1988 CE): Brazilian rubber tapper and environmentalist who campaigned to protect the Amazon rainforest; murdered by a rancher in 1988.
Tomb of the Lord of Sipán found (1987 CE): Archaeologist Walter Alva excavated the unlooted royal tomb of a Moche ruler at Huaca Rajada, Sipán, revealing rich gold, silver and shell ornaments.