Samudera Pasai Sultanate

State · 1272–1520 CE · at its largest around 1272 CE

Muslim port sultanate on the north coast of Sumatra, one of the earliest Islamic states in Southeast Asia, visited by the traveller Ibn Battuta.

On its lands while it lasted

• Marco Polo’s return voyage from China (1291–1295 CE): After some 17 years in Yuan China, the Polos escorted a Mongol princess to the Ilkhanate, sailing from Quanzhou via Sumatra and India to Hormuz, then travelled overland to Trebizond and home to Venice in 1295.

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