Scandinavian minor kingdoms

State · 500–1002 CE · at its largest around 825 CE

The many petty kingdoms and chiefdoms of Scandinavia in the Vendel and Viking eras, before consolidation into Denmark, Norway and Sweden.

On its lands while it lasted

Ribe (800 CE): Capital of North Sea Empire (1018–1035).
Oseberg ship burial (834 CE): Viking ship burial in Norway, dated to 834, containing two women and rich grave goods; one of the finest Viking Age finds.
Novgorod (c. 859 CE): One of the oldest cities of Russia, first mentioned in 859; according to the chronicles, Rurik established his rule there in 862.
Smolensk (863 CE): Capital of Principality of Smolensk (1056–1406).
Pskov (903 CE): Capital of Pskov Republic (1348–1510).
Copenhagen (c. 965 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Denmark (965–1406), Kalmar Union (1443–1523), Denmark-Norway (1536–1814).
Jelling stones (c. 965 CE): Runestones raised by Gorm the Old and his son Harald Bluetooth; the larger proclaims Harald's conversion of the Danes to Christianity.
Vitebsk (974 CE): Capital of Principality of Vitebsk (1111–1187).
Stockholm (c. 980 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Sweden (980–today), Kalmar Union (1436–1523), Swedish Empire (1612–1721), and 1 more.
Vladimir (990 CE): Capital of Principality of Rostov-Suzdal (1125–1240), Principality of Vladimir-Suzdal (1294–1389).
Gdańsk (997 CE): Capital of Free City of Danzig (1920–1939).