Second Spanish Republic

State · 1932–1938 CE · at its largest around 1932 CE

The Spanish republic proclaimed in 1931 after King Alfonso XIII left the country. Deep divisions between left and right culminated in the Spanish Civil War, which ended with Franco's victory in 1939.

On its lands while it lasted

Habib Bourguiba (1903 CE – 2000 CE): Tunisian nationalist leader who led the country to independence from France in 1956 and was its first president until 1987.
Léopold Sédar Senghor (1906 CE – 2001 CE): Poet and co-founder of the Négritude movement who became the first president of Senegal (1960–1980).
Kwame Nkrumah (1909 CE – 1972 CE): Leader of Ghana's independence movement, its first prime minister and president, and a leading advocate of Pan-Africanism.
Spanish Civil War (1936–1939 CE): A war between the Republican government and Nationalist rebels led by Francisco Franco, supported by Germany and Italy. Franco's victory in 1939 began a dictatorship that lasted until 1975.
Bombing of Guernica (1937 CE): German and Italian aircraft supporting Franco bombed the Basque town of Guernica in April 1937, one of the first aerial attacks on a civilian population.