Sultanate of Aceh

State · 1516–1959 CE · at its largest around 1626 CE

A Muslim sultanate in northern Sumatra that rose to power in the 16th century, contesting control of the Strait of Malacca with the Portuguese, and later fought a long war against the Dutch.

On its lands while it lasted

• Bukittinggi (1784 CE): Capital of Republic of Indonesia (1948–1950).
• Aceh War (1873–1904 CE): Long war in which the Netherlands conquered the Sultanate of Aceh in northern Sumatra, at the cost of tens of thousands of lives.
• Malayan Emergency (1948–1960 CE): Guerrilla war between the Malayan National Liberation Army and British and Commonwealth forces in colonial Malaya.

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