Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

State · 1853–1864 CE · at its largest around 1861 CE

A rebel state in southern China led by Hong Xiuquan, who claimed to be the younger brother of Jesus, with its capital at Nanjing; the Taiping Rebellion was one of history's deadliest wars.

On its lands while it lasted

Porcelain Tower of Nanjing (1412–1856 CE): Nine-storey pagoda faced with white porcelain bricks, built under the Yongle Emperor; one of the Seven Wonders of the Middle Ages, destroyed in the Taiping Rebellion.
Taiping Rebellion (1850–1864 CE): Civil war led by Hong Xiuquan's Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, based at Nanjing; one of the deadliest conflicts in history.