Tanzania

State · 1961–2026 CE · at its largest around 1973 CE

An East African state formed in 1964 by the union of Tanganyika, independent since 1961, and Zanzibar. Under Julius Nyerere it pursued the Ujamaa programme of African socialism.

On its lands while it lasted

Jomo Kenyatta (c. 1897 CE – 1978 CE): Kenyan anti-colonial activist imprisoned by the British, who became Kenya's first prime minister and president after independence in 1963.
Julius Nyerere (1922 CE – 1999 CE): Leader of Tanganyika's independence movement and first president of Tanzania, known for his policy of Ujamaa socialism.
Wangari Maathai (1940 CE – 2011 CE): Founder of the Green Belt Movement and the first African woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize (2004).
Zanzibar City (c. 1963 CE): Capital of Sultanate of Zanzibar (1963–1964).
Rwandan genocide (1994 CE): Mass slaughter of Tutsi and moderate Hutu by Hutu extremist militias and soldiers between April and July 1994, in which an estimated 500,000 to 800,000 people were killed in about 100 days.
M-Pesa (2007 CE): Mobile-phone money transfer service launched in Kenya in 2007, which brought banking services to millions and was widely copied.