United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway

State · 1815–1904 CE · at its largest around 1815 CE

A personal union of Sweden and Norway under the Swedish crown, each kingdom keeping its own laws and parliament, until Norway dissolved it in 1905.

On its lands while it lasted

Alexander Pushkin (1799 CE – 1837 CE): Russian poet, playwright and novelist, author of Eugene Onegin, regarded as the founder of modern Russian literature. He died after a duel in Saint Petersburg.
Electromagnetism (1820 CE): In 1820 Hans Christian Ørsted in Copenhagen observed that an electric current deflects a compass needle, the first evidence linking electricity and magnetism.
Fyodor Dostoevsky (1821 CE – 1881 CE): Russian novelist whose works, including Crime and Punishment (1866) and The Brothers Karamazov (1880), explore psychology, faith and morality. He spent four years in a Siberian prison camp for his part in a radical circle.
Dmitri Mendeleev (1834 CE – 1907 CE): Russian chemist in St Petersburg who in 1869 published a periodic table of the elements, leaving gaps for undiscovered elements whose properties he correctly predicted.
Emancipation of the Russian serfs (1861 CE): Tsar Alexander II's manifesto of 1861 abolished serfdom throughout the Russian Empire, freeing more than 20 million privately owned serfs.
Periodic table (1869 CE): Dmitri Mendeleev in Saint Petersburg published his periodic table of the chemical elements in 1869, leaving gaps for elements that were later discovered.
Niels Bohr (1885 CE – 1962 CE): Danish physicist who proposed a quantum model of the atom in 1913 and won the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physics. His Copenhagen institute became a centre for the development of quantum mechanics.
Fabergé eggs (1885 CE): Jewelled Easter eggs made by the House of Fabergé in St Petersburg, beginning with the egg Alexander III gave Empress Maria Feodorovna in 1885. Fifty imperial eggs were made for the Russian tsars until 1916.
The Scream (1893 CE): Norwegian artist Edvard Munch created this Expressionist image of an anguished figure under a blood-red sky in Kristiania (Oslo) in 1893.