Xianbei

State · 60–237 CE · at its largest around 161 CE

The Xianbei were nomadic herders and horsemen of Mongolia and Manchuria who rose as the Xiongnu declined, uniting briefly under Tanshihuai to raid the Han frontier. Their descendants later founded the Northern Wei dynasty and helped shape the Sui and Tang.

On its lands while it lasted

• Goguryeo (c. 37 BCE – c. 668 CE): Kingdom traditionally founded by Jumong in 37 BCE that grew to rule northern Korea and Manchuria.
• Gungnae (c. 3–427 CE): Capital of Goguryeo (3–427).

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