Koumbi Saleh

City · c. 793–1200 CE · in North Africa

Capital of Ghana Empire (793–1200).

Related

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Around the same time and place

• Mansa Musa (c. 1280 CE – 1337 CE): Ruler of the Mali Empire whose lavish pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324–25, carrying vast quantities of gold through Cairo, made Mali famous across the Mediterranean world.
• Ghana Empire (c. 300–1200 CE): Soninke empire of the western Sahel, known to Arab writers as a land of gold, which grew rich by controlling trans-Saharan trade; its capital is usually identified with Koumbi Saleh.
• Trans-Saharan trade (c. 700–1600 CE): Camel caravans crossed the Sahara between Morocco and the Niger bend, exchanging North African goods and Saharan salt from mines such as Taghaza for West African gold, enriching the empires of Ghana, Mali and Songhai.
• Timbuktu (c. 1100 CE): Trading city on the southern edge of the Sahara that became a renowned centre of Islamic scholarship under the Mali and Songhai empires, famous for its mosques and manuscripts.
• Mali Empire (c. 1235–1670 CE): West African empire founded by Sundiata Keita that at its height in the 14th century stretched from the Atlantic coast to the Niger bend and controlled major gold sources.
• Djenné-Djenno (c. 250 BCE – c. 1400 CE): One of the oldest known towns in sub-Saharan Africa, in the inland Niger delta of Mali; occupied from about the 3rd century BCE and abandoned by around 1400.
• Ouagadougou (1050 CE): Capital of Burkina Faso (1961–today).
• Sundiata Keita (c. 1217 CE – 1255 CE): Founder of the Mali Empire, celebrated in the oral Epic of Sundiata, who defeated the Sosso king Sumanguru around 1235.

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