Port Moresby

City · 1873 CE · in Oceania

Capital of Papua New Guinea (1975–today).

Bujumbura (1871 CE): Capital of Republic of Burundi (1963–2019).
Levuka (c. 1871 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Fiji (1871–1874).
Maseru (1869 CE): Capital of Lesotho (1967–today).
Tokyo (1868 CE): Capital of Empire of Japan (1943–1945), Japan (1953–today).
Budapest (c. 1867 CE): Capital of Hungarian Nationalists (1867–1918), Austria-Hungary (1868–1918), Hungarian Republic (1919–1943), and 1 more.
Brazzaville (1880 CE): Capital of Free French (1940–1943).
Sofia (c. 1880 CE): Capital of Principality of Bulgaria (1880–1908), Kingdom of Bulgaria (1947–1947), People's Republic of Bulgaria (1948–1990), and 1 more.
Hobyow (c. 1880 CE): Capital of Sultanate of Hobyo (1880–1894).
Ashgabat (1881 CE): Capital of Turkmenistan (1992–today).
Kinshasa (1881 CE): Founded as Léopoldville by Henry Morton Stanley in 1881, it is the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and one of Africa's largest cities.

Around the same time and place

Macassan trepang trade (c. 1720–1906 CE): Fishermen from Makassar in Sulawesi sailed annually to northern Australia to harvest trepang (sea cucumber), trading with Yolŋu and other Aboriginal peoples until the practice was banned in 1906.