Zhongdu

City · 1153–1215 CE · in Central Asia

Capital of Great Jin (1153–1214).

Kasimov (1152 CE): Capital of Qasim Khanate (1453–1551).
Vaduz (1150 CE): Capital of Principality of Liechtenstein (1806–1814).
Munich (1158 CE): Capital of Duchy of Bavaria (1505–1805), Kingdom of Bavaria (1806–1870).
Coimbra (c. 1147 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Portugal (1147–1256).
Halych (c. 1147 CE): Capital of Principality of Halych (1147–1199), Halych-Volhynia occupation (1199–1240), Principality of Galicia-Volhynia (1202–1240), and 1 more.
Paterna del Campo (c. 1147 CE): Capital of Taifa of Tejada (1147–1150).
Rabat (1146 CE): Capital of Morocco (1670–today).
Plock (c. 1139 CE): Capital of Duchy of Masovia (1139–1351).
Guimarães (c. 1139 CE): Capital of County of Portugal (1139–1143).
Sandomierz (c. 1139 CE): Capital of Duchy of Sandomierz (1139–1304).

Around the same time and place

Genghis Khan (c. 1162 CE – 1227 CE): Temüjin united the Mongol tribes and, as Genghis Khan, launched conquests that created the largest contiguous land empire in history.
Founding of the Mongol Empire (1206 CE): A great assembly near the source of the Onon River proclaimed Temüjin as Genghis Khan, ruler of all the Mongols.
Goryeo (918–1392 CE): Dynasty founded by Wang Geon with its capital at Kaesong; the name Korea derives from it.
Song dynasty (960–1279 CE): Founded by Zhao Kuangyin with its capital at Kaifeng, the Song saw a commercial revolution, paper money and advances in printing and science.
Kublai Khan (1215 CE – 1294 CE): Grandson of Genghis Khan who founded the Yuan dynasty and completed the Mongol conquest of China.
Imperial examination system (605–1905 CE): The Sui formalised civil service examinations for selecting officials, a system that lasted until its abolition in 1905.
Yue Fei (1103 CE – 1142 CE): Southern Song general who fought the Jurchen Jin; his execution on false charges made him a lasting symbol of loyalty.
Jin dynasty (Jurchen) (1115–1234 CE): The Jurchen leader Aguda founded the Jin, which destroyed the Liao and conquered northern China from the Song.