Malacca

City · 1396 CE · in Southeast Asia

Capital of Sultanate of Malacca (1459–1511).

Jambi (1401 CE): Capital of Sultanate of Jambi (1670–1904).
Uppsala (c. 1402 CE): Capital of Kalmar Union (1402–1436).
Roskilde (c. 1402 CE): Capital of Kalmar Union (1402–1443).
Belgrade (c. 1402 CE): Capital of Serbian Despots (1402–1421), Kingdom of Serbia (1882–1884), Yugoslavia (1919–1945), and 2 more.
Cirebon (1389 CE): Capital of Sultanate of Cirebon (1482–1676).
Shuntian Fu (1403–1914 CE): Capital of Ming Dynasty (1421–1644), Qing Dynasty (1645–1911).
Suceava (1388 CE): Capital of Principality of Moldavia (1388–1564).
Diyarbakir (c. 1407 CE): Capital of Aq Qoyunlu (1407–1468).
Iasi (1408 CE): Capital of Principality of Moldavia (1564–1858), United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia (1859–1862).
Inwa (c. 1375 CE): Capital of Ava Kingdom (1375–1528), Konbaung Dynasty (1752–1819).

Around the same time and place

Ayutthaya (1351–1767 CE): Capital of the Siamese kingdom of Ayutthaya, founded in 1351, which became one of the largest and most cosmopolitan cities in Asia before it was destroyed by Burmese forces in 1767.
Malacca Sultanate (c. 1400–1511 CE): Sultanate founded by Parameswara around 1400 that became the leading entrepôt of the Strait of Malacca and helped spread Islam through the archipelago.
Phnom Penh (1372 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Cambodia (1956–today), People's Republic of Kampuchea (1979–1989).
Fall of Angkor (c. 1431 CE): Angkor was sacked by forces of Ayutthaya around 1431, after which the Khmer court moved south toward Phnom Penh.
Yasodharapura (c. 802–1431 CE): Capital of Khmer Empire (802–1431).
Hariharalaya (c. 802–1431 CE): Capital of Khmer Empire (802–1431).
Mukim Kota Batu (c. 1368 CE): Capital of Sultanate of Brunei (1368–1888).