Chania

City · c. 1898 CE · in Europe

Capital of Cretan State (1898–1907).

Related

• Abidjan (1898 CE): Capital of Republic of Côte d'Ivoire (1961–1983).
• Asmara (1897 CE): Capital of State of Eritrea (1993–today).
• Nairobi (1899 CE): Capital of Republic of Kenya (1963–today).
• N'Djamena (1900 CE): Capital of Republic of Chad (1961–today).
• Muscat (c. 1900 CE): Capital of Sultanate of Muscat and Oman (1900–1946), Sultanate of Oman (1970–today).
• Lilongwe (1902 CE): Capital of Malawi (1975–today).
• Mbabane (1902 CE): Capital of Eswatini (1969–today).
• Lusaka (1905 CE): Capital of Zambia (1967–today).
• Omdurman (c. 1890 CE): Capital of Mahdist State (1890–1899).
• Harare (1890 CE): Capital of Rhodesia (1967–1978), Zimbabwe Rhodesia (1979–1979), Republic of Zimbabwe (1983–today).

Around the same time and place

• Declaration of the State of Israel (1948 CE): David Ben-Gurion proclaimed the State of Israel in Tel Aviv on 14 May 1948 as the British Mandate ended, followed by war with neighbouring Arab states.
• Suez Canal route (1869 CE): The Suez Canal, opened in 1869, linked the Mediterranean and the Red Sea, letting ships sail between Europe and Asia without rounding Africa and cutting the London–Bombay voyage by thousands of kilometres.
• Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881 CE – 1938 CE): Founder and first president of the Republic of Turkey, who led the War of Independence and carried out sweeping secularizing and westernizing reforms.
• Franz Ferdinand assassinated (1914 CE): On 28 June 1914 Bosnian Serb Gavrilo Princip shot the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne and his wife in Sarajevo. The July Crisis that followed led to World War I.
• Armenian genocide (1915–1917 CE): During World War I the Ottoman government carried out mass killings and deportations of Armenians, killing an estimated 600,000 to 1.5 million; most historians call it genocide, which Turkey disputes.
• Discovery of Tutankhamun's tomb (1922 CE): Howard Carter's excavation revealed the nearly intact tomb of Tutankhamun (KV62) in the Valley of the Kings, with its gold burial mask and thousands of objects.
• End of the Ottoman Empire (1922 CE): The Ottoman sultanate was abolished in 1922 and the Republic of Turkey was proclaimed in Ankara in 1923; the caliphate was abolished in 1924.
• Palestinian exodus of 1948 (1947–1949 CE): About 700,000 Palestinian Arabs fled or were expelled from their homes during the 1947–1949 war, an event Palestinians call the Nakba ('catastrophe').

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