Muscat

City · c. 1900 CE · in the Middle East

Capital of Sultanate of Muscat and Oman (1900–1946), Sultanate of Oman (1970–today).

N'Djamena (1900 CE): Capital of Republic of Chad (1961–today).
Nairobi (1899 CE): Capital of Republic of Kenya (1963–today).
Abidjan (1898 CE): Capital of Republic of Côte d'Ivoire (1961–1983).
Chania (c. 1898 CE): Capital of Cretan State (1898–1907).
Lilongwe (1902 CE): Capital of Malawi (1975–today).
Mbabane (1902 CE): Capital of Eswatini (1969–today).
Asmara (1897 CE): Capital of State of Eritrea (1993–today).
Lusaka (1905 CE): Capital of Zambia (1967–today).
Dodoma (1906 CE): Capital of Tanzania (1996–today).
Port Vila (c. 1907 CE): Capital of New Hebrides (1907–1980), Vanuatu (1983–today).

Around the same time and place

Mahatma Gandhi (1869 CE – 1948 CE): Leader of the Indian independence movement who developed nonviolent mass civil disobedience (satyagraha).
Muhammad Ali Jinnah (1876 CE – 1948 CE): Leader of the All-India Muslim League and founder of Pakistan, its first Governor-General.
Oil struck at Masjed Soleyman (1908 CE): Prospectors financed by William Knox D'Arcy struck oil at Masjed Soleyman, the first major oil discovery in the Middle East, leading to the Anglo-Persian Oil Company.
Salt March (1930 CE): Gandhi led a 24-day march from Sabarmati to Dandi to make salt in defiance of the British salt tax, launching mass civil disobedience.
Doha (1850 CE): Capital of Qatar Dynasty (1870–1904), Qatar (1913–1915), State of Qatar (1973–today).
Vallabhbhai Patel (1875 CE – 1950 CE): Independence leader and India's first deputy prime minister, who oversaw the integration of the princely states.
Ruhollah Khomeini (c. 1902 CE – 1989 CE): A Shia cleric who led the Iranian Revolution from exile and became Iran's first Supreme Leader.
Unification of Saudi Arabia (1902–1932 CE): Ibn Saud recaptured Riyadh in 1902 and over three decades conquered most of the Arabian Peninsula, proclaiming the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 1932.