Doha

City · 1850 CE · in the Middle East

Capital of Qatar Dynasty (1870–1904), Qatar (1913–1915), State of Qatar (1973–today).

Libreville (1849 CE): Capital of Gabon (1961–today).
Bloemfontein (1846 CE): Capital of Free Orange State (1856–1899), South Africa (1932–today).
Sonoma (c. 1846 CE): Capital of California Republic (1846–1846).
Almaty (1854 CE): Capital of Kazakhstan (1992–1997).
Nouméa (1854 CE): Capital of New Caledonia (1856–1859).
Honolulu (c. 1845 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Hawaï'i (1845–1893), Republic of Hawai'i (1895–1897).
Ottawa (1855 CE): Capital of Canada (1932–today).
Pretoria (1855 CE): Capital of South African Republic (1856–1899), South Africa (1932–today).
Ras Hafun (c. 1856 CE): Capital of Majeerteen Sultanate (1856–1889).
Kuala Lumpur (1857 CE): Capital of Federation of Malaya (1958–1962), Malaysia (1963–today).

Around the same time and place

Muscat (c. 1900 CE): Capital of Sultanate of Muscat and Oman (1900–1946), Sultanate of Oman (1970–today).
Ecbatana (c. 550 BCE – c. 1800 CE): Capital of Achaemenid Empire (550 BCE–330 BCE).
Ha'il (c. 1836 CE): Capital of Emirate of Jabal Shammar (1836–1921).
Bahai Faith founded (1863 CE): Bahau'lláh, a follower of the Báb, announced in Baghdad that he was the messenger foretold by the Báb, an event regarded as the founding of the Bahai Faith.