Khartoum

City · c. 1956 CE · in the Middle East

Capital of Republic of Sudan (1956–today).

Accra (c. 1958 CE): Capital of Ghana (1958–today).
Benghazi (c. 1953 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Libya (1953–1968).
Rawalpindi (c. 1959 CE): Capital of Islamic Republic of Pakistan (1959–1967).
Brasília (1960 CE): Planned capital of Brazil built in the interior, with a plan by Lúcio Costa and modernist buildings by Oscar Niemeyer; inaugurated in 1960.
Dakar (c. 1960 CE): Capital of Mali Federation (1960–1960), Republic of Senegal (1961–today).
Lomé (c. 1960 CE): Capital of Togo (1960–today).
Niamey (c. 1961 CE): Capital of Republic of the Niger (1961–today).
Nouakchott (c. 1961 CE): Capital of Mauritania (1961–today).
Porto-Novo (c. 1961 CE): Capital of Republic of Benin (1961–today).
Cotonou (c. 1961 CE): Capital of Republic of Benin (1961–today).

Around the same time and place

Haile Selassie (1892 CE – 1975 CE): Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974 who appealed to the League of Nations against the Italian invasion; deposed by the Derg military junta in 1974.
Discovery of Tutankhamun's tomb (1922 CE): Howard Carter's excavation revealed the nearly intact tomb of Tutankhamun (KV62) in the Valley of the Kings, with its gold burial mask and thousands of objects.
Second Italo-Ethiopian War (1935–1937 CE): Fascist Italy invaded Ethiopia in October 1935, using chemical weapons, and occupied Addis Ababa in May 1936; the League of Nations failed to stop it.
Lucy discovered (1974 CE): Partial skeleton of Australopithecus afarensis about 3.2 million years old, found at Hadar in 1974 by Donald Johanson's team.
Menelik II (1844 CE – 1913 CE): Emperor of Ethiopia from 1889 who expanded the empire, founded Addis Ababa and defeated Italy at Adwa in 1896.
Arab Revolt (1916–1918 CE): Sharif Hussein of Mecca led an Arab uprising against Ottoman rule with British support; Arab forces took Aqaba in 1917 and entered Damascus in 1918.
Mecca (c. 1916 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Hejaz (1916–1925).
Juba (1922 CE): Capital of South Sudan (2014–today).