Montevideo

City · 1723 CE · in South America

Capital of Federal League (1815–1819), Oriental Republic of Uruguay (1828–today).

Kingstown (1722 CE): Capital of Saint Vincent (1979–today).
Nuuk (1721 CE): Capital of Greenland (1734–1940).
Tashkent (c. 1729 CE): Capital of Kazakh Khanate (1729–1781), Republic of Uzbekistan (1992–today).
Karlsruhe (1715 CE): Capital of Electorate of Baden (1803–1805), Grand Duchy of Baden (1806–1870).
Arcot (c. 1713 CE): Capital of Carnatic Sultanate (1713–1768).
Bulungan (c. 1734 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Bulungan (1734–1747).
Port Louis (1735 CE): Capital of Mauritius (1969–today).
Hanover (c. 1709 CE): Capital of Electorate of Hanover (1709–1802), Kingdom of Hanover (1814–1865).
Kandahar (c. 1709 CE): Capital of Hotaki Dynasty (1709–1737), Durrani Empire (1748–1776).
Qoqon (c. 1709 CE): Capital of Khanate of Kokand (1709–1876).

Around the same time and place

Jesuit reductions (1609–1767 CE): Mission towns founded by Jesuits among the Guaraní in present-day Paraguay, Argentina and Brazil, which operated until the Jesuits were expelled in 1767.
São Borja (1682 CE): Capital of Riograndense Republic (1836–1845).