Racibórz

City · c. 1285 CE · in Europe

Capital of Duchy of Racibórz (1285–1304).

Zeila (c. 1285 CE): Capital of Ifat Sultanate (1285–1414), Adal Sultanate (1415–1546), Sultanate of Harar (1547–1577).
Perpignan (c. 1279 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Majorca (1279–1343).
Palma (c. 1279 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Majorca (1279–1343).
Kernave (c. 1279 CE): Capital of Grand Duchy of Lithuania (1279–1321).
Jawor (c. 1279 CE): Capital of Duchy of Jawor (1279–1313).
Qarshi (c. 1294 CE): Capital of Chagatai Khanate (1294–1462).
Tabriz (c. 1294 CE): Capital of Ilkhanate (1294–1335), Chobanids (1344–1357), Jalayirid Sultanate (1358–1388), and 2 more.
Belozersk (c. 1294 CE): Capital of Principality of Beloozero (1294–1343).
Soltaniyeh (c. 1294 CE): Capital of Ilkhanate (1294–1335).
Scone (c. 1294 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Scotland (1294–1452).

Around the same time and place

Founding of the Ottoman state (c. 1299 CE): Osman I, leader of a Turkish principality in northwestern Anatolia, founded the dynasty whose state grew into the Ottoman Empire, which lasted until 1922.
Thomas Aquinas (1225 CE – 1274 CE): Dominican friar and theologian whose Summa Theologica synthesised Aristotelian philosophy with Christian doctrine.
Mongol invasion of Rus’ and Europe (1236–1242 CE): Mongol armies under Batu and Subutai conquered Volga Bulgaria and the Rus’ principalities, destroyed Kiev in 1240, and in 1241 won at Legnica and Mohi, before withdrawing from Central Europe in 1242.
Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus' (1237–1242 CE): Mongol armies under Batu Khan destroyed Ryazan, Vladimir and Kyiv, subjecting the Rus' principalities to Mongol overlordship for over two centuries.
Dante Alighieri (1265 CE – 1321 CE): Florentine poet whose Divine Comedy, written in the Tuscan vernacular, is a masterpiece of world literature and helped establish the Italian language.
Giotto’s Scrovegni Chapel frescoes (1305 CE): Giotto covered the walls of a Padua chapel with the lives of the Virgin and Christ under a starry blue vault. His solid, feeling figures broke with Byzantine stiffness and began the road to the Renaissance.
Trier (16 BCE – 1618 CE): Capital of Electorate of Trier (1333–1618).
Fibonacci (c. 1170 CE – 1250 CE): Mathematician from Pisa who introduced Hindu–Arabic numerals to Europe; the Fibonacci sequence is named after him.