Trier

City · 16 BCE – 1618 CE · in Europe

Capital of Electorate of Trier (1333–1618).

León (29 BCE): Capital of Kingdom of Galicia (911–1111), Kingdom of León (911–1235).
Kabalaka (c. 2 BCE – c. 461 CE): Capital of Caucasian Albania (2 BCE–461).
Gungnae (c. 3–427 CE): Capital of Goguryeo (3–427).
Jolbon (c. 36 BCE): Capital of Goguryeo (36 BCE–3).
Erbil (c. 63 BCE): Capital of Kingdom of Adiabene (63 BCE–370).
Mtskheta (c. 63 BCE): Capital of Caucasian Iberia (63 BCE–533).
Tbilisi (c. 63 BCE): Capital of Caucasian Iberia (63 BCE–533), Principality of Iberia (682–740), Kingdom of Georgia (1122–1466), and 1 more.
Samosata (c. 63 BCE – c. 72 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Commagene (63 BCE–72).
Armaztsikhe (c. 63 BCE – c. 533 CE): Capital of Caucasian Iberia (63 BCE–533).
Pamplona (74 BCE): Capital of Kingdom of Navarre (1162–1428).

Around the same time and place

Rome (753 BCE): According to tradition Rome was founded by Romulus in 753 BCE; it grew from a settlement on the Palatine Hill into the capital of a Mediterranean empire.
Julius Caesar (100 BCE – 44 BCE): Roman general and statesman who conquered Gaul, won a civil war and became dictator; his assassination led to the end of the Republic.
Augustus (63 BCE – 14 CE): First Roman emperor, who ended the civil wars and ushered in the Pax Romana, a long period of relative peace.
Beginning of the Roman Empire (27 BCE): The Senate granted Octavian the title Augustus, conventionally marking the start of the Roman Empire, which came to rule the whole Mediterranean.
Colosseum (80 CE): Flavian amphitheatre in Rome, completed in 80 CE under Titus, which held tens of thousands of spectators for gladiatorial games.
Fall of the Western Roman Empire (476 CE): The Germanic general Odoacer deposed Romulus Augustulus, the last Western Roman emperor, at Ravenna, a date conventionally marking the end of the Western Empire.
Charlemagne (c. 747 CE – 814 CE): King of the Franks who conquered much of Western Europe, was crowned emperor in 800 and promoted a revival of learning, the Carolingian Renaissance.
Council of Clermont (1095 CE): Pope Urban II called on Western Christians to aid Byzantium and take Jerusalem, launching the First Crusade.