Thermos

City · 1,500–189 BCE · in Europe

Capital of Aetolian League (284 BCE–189 BCE).

Tell el Fakhariya (c. 1,500–1,260 BCE): Capital of Mitanni (1500 BCE–1260 BCE).
Amarna (1,353–1,336 BCE): Capital of New Kingdom of Egypt (1352 BCE–1336 BCE).
Yinxu (Shang capital at Anyang) (c. 1,300–1,046 BCE): Ruins of the late Shang capital near Anyang, the source of most oracle bones and of royal tombs including that of Fu Hao.
Pi-Ramesses (c. 1,279–1,060 BCE): Capital of New Kingdom of Egypt (1279 BCE–1213 BCE).
Memphis (c. 1,213–1,069 BCE): Capital of New Kingdom of Egypt (1213 BCE–1069 BCE).
Harran (c. 1,800 BCE): Capital of Assyria (1800 BCE–901 BCE), Umayyad Caliphate (744–750).
Nimrud (c. 1,800–612 BCE): Capital of Assyria (1800 BCE–901 BCE).
Nineveh (c. 1,800–612 BCE): Capital of Assyria (1800 BCE–901 BCE).
Dur-Sharrukin (c. 1,800–605 BCE): Capital of Assyria (1800 BCE–901 BCE).
Tell Leilan (c. 1,800–901 BCE): Capital of Assyria (1800 BCE–901 BCE).

Around the same time and place

Phoenician alphabet (c. 1,050 BCE): The Phoenicians developed a 22-letter consonantal alphabet that spread through Mediterranean trade and became the ancestor of the Greek, Latin, Hebrew and Arabic scripts.
First Olympic Games (776 BCE): Traditional date of the first Olympic Games at Olympia, a festival for Zeus with athletic contests held every four years until the late 4th century CE.
Rome (753 BCE): According to tradition Rome was founded by Romulus in 753 BCE; it grew from a settlement on the Palatine Hill into the capital of a Mediterranean empire.
Iliad (c. 750 BCE): Epic poem attributed to Homer about the Trojan War, generally dated to the 8th century BCE; with the Odyssey, a foundational work of Western literature.
Athenian democracy (508 BCE): The reforms of Cleisthenes in 508/507 BCE created a system in which male citizens voted directly on laws, the earliest well-documented democracy.
Socrates (c. 470 BCE – 399 BCE): Athenian philosopher who examined ethics through questioning dialogue; he was sentenced to death by drinking hemlock in 399 BCE.
Parthenon (447 BCE): Temple of Athena on the Athenian Acropolis, built 447–432 BCE under Pericles; the supreme monument of classical Greek architecture.
Aristotle (384 BCE – 322 BCE): Philosopher and polymath, student of Plato and tutor of Alexander the Great, who founded the Lyceum and wrote on logic, biology, ethics and politics.