Amarna

City · 1,353–1,336 BCE · in the Middle East

Capital of New Kingdom of Egypt (1352 BCE–1336 BCE).

Yinxu (Shang capital at Anyang) (c. 1,300–1,046 BCE): Ruins of the late Shang capital near Anyang, the source of most oracle bones and of royal tombs including that of Fu Hao.
Pi-Ramesses (c. 1,279–1,060 BCE): Capital of New Kingdom of Egypt (1279 BCE–1213 BCE).
Memphis (c. 1,213–1,069 BCE): Capital of New Kingdom of Egypt (1213 BCE–1069 BCE).
Tell el Fakhariya (c. 1,500–1,260 BCE): Capital of Mitanni (1500 BCE–1260 BCE).
Thermos (1,500–189 BCE): Capital of Aetolian League (284 BCE–189 BCE).
Sidon (c. 1,150–501 BCE): Capital of Phoenicia (1150 BCE–501 BCE).
Nokalakevi (1,001 BCE – 700 CE): Capital of Lazica (63 BCE–545), Kingdom of Lazica (638–700).
Hebron (c. 1,000 BCE): Capital of Kingdom of Israel (1000 BCE–930 BCE).
Napata (c. 1,000 BCE – c. 346 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Kush (1000 BCE–346).
Harran (c. 1,800 BCE): Capital of Assyria (1800 BCE–901 BCE), Umayyad Caliphate (744–750).

Around the same time and place

Uruk (c. 5,000 BCE – c. 700 CE): Sumerian city on the Euphrates that by about 3100 BCE was probably the largest city in the world, centre of the first urban civilization.
Minoan civilization (c. 3,000–1,100 BCE): Bronze Age civilization centred on Crete, known for palace complexes such as Knossos, vivid frescoes and the undeciphered Linear A script.
Mycenaean Greece (c. 1,750–1,050 BCE): Last phase of the Bronze Age in mainland Greece, dominated by palace centres such as Mycenae, Pylos and Tiryns, which collapsed around 1200 BCE.
Mask of Tutankhamun (1,323 BCE): The gold death mask laid over the mummy of the boy king Tutankhamun in the Valley of the Kings, inlaid with lapis lazuli, quartz and coloured glass. Howard Carter’s team uncovered it in 1925.
Ramesses II (c. 1,303 BCE – 1,213 BCE): Pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty (r. 1279–1213 BCE), known for his long reign, military campaigns and vast building works such as Abu Simbel and the Ramesseum.
Thebes (3,200–801 BCE): Capital of Middle Kingdom of Egypt (2000 BCE–1782 BCE), New Kingdom of Egypt (1500 BCE–801 BCE).
Tyre (2,750–501 BCE): Capital of Phoenicia (1150 BCE–501 BCE).
Assur (2,500–609 BCE): Capital of Assyria (1800 BCE–901 BCE), Neo-Assyrian Empire (900 BCE–609 BCE).