Ankara

City · c. 1924 CE · in Europe

Capital of Republic of Turkey (1924–today).

Related

• Beirut (c. 1923 CE): Capital of French Mandate for Syria and Lebanon (1923–1945), Lebanon (1944–1946).
• Juba (1922 CE): Capital of South Sudan (2014–today).
• Ajdir (c. 1922 CE): Capital of Republic of the Rif (1922–1925).
• Tallinn (c. 1919 CE): Capital of Estonia (1919–1939), Republic of Estonia (1992–today).
• Mecca (c. 1916 CE): Capital of Kingdom of Hejaz (1916–1925).
• Canberra (1913 CE): Purpose-built capital of Australia, named in 1913 and designed by Walter Burley Griffin and Marion Mahony Griffin; Parliament moved there in 1927.
• Nizwa (c. 1913 CE): Capital of Imamate of Oman (1913–1919).
• Gitega (1912 CE): Capital of Republic of Burundi (2019–today).
• Salamanca (c. 1939 CE): Capital of Francoist Spain (1939–1939).
• Boma (c. 1908 CE): Capital of Belgian Congo (1908–1960).

Around the same time and place

• Battle of Stalingrad (1942–1943 CE): From August 1942 to February 1943 the Red Army defended Stalingrad and then encircled the German Sixth Army, which surrendered. It was a turning point of World War II.
• Declaration of the State of Israel (1948 CE): David Ben-Gurion proclaimed the State of Israel in Tel Aviv on 14 May 1948 as the British Mandate ended, followed by war with neighbouring Arab states.
• Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881 CE – 1938 CE): Founder and first president of the Republic of Turkey, who led the War of Independence and carried out sweeping secularizing and westernizing reforms.
• Franz Ferdinand assassinated (1914 CE): On 28 June 1914 Bosnian Serb Gavrilo Princip shot the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne and his wife in Sarajevo. The July Crisis that followed led to World War I.
• Armenian genocide (1915–1917 CE): During World War I the Ottoman government carried out mass killings and deportations of Armenians, killing an estimated 600,000 to 1.5 million; most historians call it genocide, which Turkey disputes.
• End of the Ottoman Empire (1922 CE): The Ottoman sultanate was abolished in 1922 and the Republic of Turkey was proclaimed in Ankara in 1923; the caliphate was abolished in 1924.
• Holodomor (1932–1933 CE): A man-made famine in Soviet Ukraine in 1932–1933, caused by Stalin's forced collectivisation and grain requisitions, killed millions of Ukrainians.
• Palestinian exodus of 1948 (1947–1949 CE): About 700,000 Palestinian Arabs fled or were expelled from their homes during the 1947–1949 war, an event Palestinians call the Nakba ('catastrophe').

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